Growths and bumps on the gums are typically harmless. But in some cases, a tumor in the gums could indicate a form of oral cancer. Understanding the differences helps catch severe cases early.
Common Causes of Gum Lumps
Minor gum lumps are often related to swollen, inflamed gums caused by gingivitis or gum disease. Hardened plaque on the teeth can also spread to the gums, causing lumpiness. Gum infections are another cause of raised, irritated bumps on the gums. Canker sores or cold sores on gums can resemble tumors as well. Most of these are not cancerous.
Symptoms of Gum Cancer
A common form of oral cancer is squamous cell carcinoma. Warning signs appearing on the gums include sores lasting more than two weeks, significant changes in an existing growth, lumps or bumps that bleed easily, pain, tenderness, numbness in the area, and a white or reddish patch. Seeing your dentist promptly for an exam and possible biopsy is critical for identifying cancerous tumors versus harmless lumps.
Gum Cancer Risk Factors
Certain lifestyle factors may increase susceptibility to oral cancers, including tobacco use, such as smoking and chewing, heavy alcohol consumption, HPV infection, excess sun exposure on the lips, and immune deficiency disorder. Regular dental exams catch developing tumors early when they are most treatable. Contact your dentist about any mouth sores, growths, or pain lasting over two weeks.
Treatment Options for Gum Tumors
Early gum cancer can often be treated with minimally invasive surgery to remove the tumor along with some surrounding gum tissue. Radiation may be used in combination. More advanced tumors require extensive surgery, potentially removing portions of the gums, jaw, and nearby lymph nodes and replacing them with grafted tissue. This is followed by radiation or chemotherapy.
See Your Dentist About Any Gum Abnormalities
Catching gum cancer in its earliest stages is critical for successful treatment with minimal impact on quality of life. Maintain excellent oral hygiene and immediately alert your dentist about any abnormal gum growths or lesions.
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Growths and bumps on the gums are typically harmless. But in some cases, a tumor in the gums could indicate a form of oral cancer. Understanding the differences helps catch severe cases early.